Black Canyon VFD

 

OBJECTIVE

Funding through this grant program will enable Black Canyon Volunteer Fire Department to replace our 1970 homemade 1,200-gallon tanker and dilapidated 1982 American LaFrance pumper, purchased from the City of Phoenix in 1995, with a single commercial chassis pumper/tanker unit. 

The department has one additional tanker, a 1975 Dodge, and one additional pumper, a 1992 International 3-person cab.

 

DEPARTMENT/COMMUNITY DEMOGRAPHICS

The department (Fire District) encompasses 200 square miles including the rural communities of Bumble Bee, Rock Springs, and Black Canyon City with a population of 3,697, and 20 miles of rural Interstate 17.  Black Canyon is not a city, but an unincorporated community located at the southern tip of Yavapai County. Forty-four percent (44%) of the population is made up of children and the elderly, and 53.7% of the households are within low to moderate income levels.  According to the Yavapai County Assessor’s Office, the number of improved land parcels has increased by 299% since 1997. Ninety-eight percent (98%) of the total buildings are residential, primarily mobile homes.  Two percent (2%) of the total buildings are commercial, 75% of which are 40 years old, several of which date back to the horse and carriage days.  The only  building that has an operating sprinkler system is the new middle school.

 The topography of our response area is mostly hilly terrain with some flat land, with vegetation typical of the Sonoran Desert.  Urban Interface issues are found throughout each populated area.  The Bureau of Land Management completed an Urban/Interface Risk Analysis of Black Canyon City this past summer, which identified approximately 75% of the community as being at moderate to high fire risk.  With 44% of the population being children and elderly, and 75% of the area at moderate to high fire risk, the potential life hazard exposure is significant.

Approximately 65% of all dwellings are accessed by single or two-lane paved roads, 35% by unimproved roads, and 5% by primitive roads/trails requiring the use of 4-wheel drive vehicles.  In addition, approximately 3% of all dwellings are accessed via a driveway or road with a grade of 8% or greater.  An 8-mile section of Interstate 17, with no more than a single half mile section of straight roadway on the downhill lanes, is cut away from the side of a mountain and has a 6% grade.   During the winter months, response to incidents at the top of this 8-mile portion may start on dry pavement and end in snow due to the significant increase in elevation.  According to a 1999 study conducted by the Arizona Department of Transportation, an average of 31,523 vehicles travel the Interstate through our jurisdiction on a daily basis, of which 20% are commercial trucks.  In addition, the study revealed the vehicle accident rate per mile, over a five-year period, was 18.6 over the relatively flat portions of Interstate 17, and 30.3 on the section of Interstate that has a 6% grade.

Approximately 75% of our response area is Bureau of Land Management land, 15% State of Arizona land, and 10% privately owned.  The Fire District receives no tax dollars from federal or state land. The department is also the primary fire and EMS responder to the Agua Fria National Monument, which contains one of the most significant complexes of late prehistoric sites in the American Southwest.  The Bureau of Land Management anticipates the Monument will have 102,660 visitors annually. 

            Elevation of the area ranges from 2,000 to 3,200 feet, with surrounding mountains reaching over 4,000 feet.  The temperature during the summer months typically ranges from 110 to 115 or more degrees.

Water supply for fire protection is limited to 21 hydrants (mostly 2.5-inch standpipes) located in a small area of Black Canyon City.  According to the local Water District, the water system has a maximum capability of pumping 750 GPM under the best of circumstances, with an average flow of 520 GPM (the Fire District’s minimum fire flow requirement is 3,500 GPM).  Travel time from a fire to the closest water source is as much as 20 to 30 minutes or more.  Therefore, the department relies heavily on tankers and tanker shuttles.

All combined, the topography, climate, terrain, access to dwellings, and lack of water sources require a vehicle above a “stock” or standard model.

The department provides fire prevention, fire suppression, first responder level hazardous material, basic and advanced life support services from one fire station located in Black Canyon City.   Staff includes one paid fire chief, one paid firefighter/EMT, two paid paramedics, four paid dispatchers, two office staff, and thirty volunteer firefighter/EMTs.

THE NEED DEFINED

The department has not considered upgrading or rebuilding our 32-year- old ex-military tanker due to its age and the difficulty of obtaining parts to repair it.  The water tank on this vehicle was put together by joining two 600-gallon fuel tanks, which have no side-to-side baffles, and has a 30-GPM pump.  With a maximum speed of 25 MPH while ascending the section of Interstate 17 with the 6% grade, this vehicle is a significant traffic hazard.

Our 1982 American LaFrance pumper is well beyond any type of cost effective improvements.  It was purchased from the City of Phoenix in 1995 to replace a used 1971 pumper.  As is the case now, the department did not have the funds to purchase a new vehicle.

The motor (original) has 180,913 miles and 3,584.25 hours of usage.  According to the Phoenix Fire Department, this pumper responded to at least 40,000 incidents while in use by that department.  Thus far, it has responded to an additional 200 incidents while with our department.

The particular problems with this vehicle include:

1.                  All of the body compartment walls have rusted through after many years of the booster tank lid leaking water.  The booster reel had to be removed before it actually fell through the floor due to the amount of rust.

2.                  The pump has not passed a pump test in two years, even though all valves have been rebuilt, and needs to be completely rebuilt.

3.                  The entire electrical system is in need of a complete overhaul.

4.                  The booster tank only carries 500 gallons

5.                  The vehicle has cost the department over $80,000 to repair and maintain.

Because this vehicle is so unreliable, our department has to rely on mutual aid units from Daisy Mountain and Mayer Fire District for a second Engine Company with a properly equipped rapid intervention team; average response time is 15 to 20 minutes.  

The new pumper/tanker would be available for mutual aid response to Daisy Mountain or Mayer Fire District’s through existing verbal agreements.

BENEFITS

First, and most importantly, the purchase of a new commercial vehicle built to NFPA specifications will enable our firefighters to handle a multitude of situations from a single vehicle that is both safe and reliable.

Second, a vehicle with a properly specified drive train will enable us to significantly reduce our response times.  Our 1992 pumper is underpowered (250 HP with 1,250 gallons of water) and the maximum speed it can reach when ascending the section of Interstate 17 with the 6% grade is 35 MPH.  The unit then becomes a hazard on the Interstate where the posted speed limit is 65 MPH, and the average speed is 80 MPH. 

Third, our vehicle maintenance and repair costs will drop considerably, enabling us to put those savings to much better use.

FUNDING

The department’s primary source of revenue is the Fire District tax, which produces $381,000.  We are unable to increase our tax rate since it is already at the maximum allowable by law, $3.00 per secondary assessed valuation.  Attempts to fund a new vehicle through other grant programs have not been successful.  Unfortunately, the department is not able to obtain a bank loan (lease/purchase) due to our current debt obligations. 

 Simply put, the department needs a vehicle with a large enough engine to ascend the hills at a minimum of 55 miles per hour, a reliable secondary braking system to descend the hills safely, a heavy-duty suspension to handle the unimproved roads, a large water tank with a foam system to maximize all available water, and a lighting system for working safely at night-time incidents.  In addition, it needs a vehicle that will serve the department and community for many years to come, so that the investment is the most cost effective solution.  After discussing with various manufacturers the specifications of a no-frills new commercial chassis vehicle that meets the needs of our response area, the cost of such a vehicle would be $251,418.00.

The department has received CDBG funds ($30,000) this year for the purchase of new SCBAs.  The department also received federal funds through the Bureau of Land Management for brush fire fighting equipment.  None of the federal funds we received this year will be used toward this grant process.

If we are able to obtain funding to purchase a new pumper/tanker, this will be also utilized for mutual aid incidents in neighboring departments and the Bureau of Land Management area, as has been done with our current vehicles.

 

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